Re-structure alloc_[01](), which are mutually tail-recursive functions,
to do (unnecessary) work post-recursion so that the compiler cannot
perform tail call optimization, thus preserving intentionally unique
call paths in captured backtraces.

Fix a regression in prof_dump_ctx() due to an uninitized variable.  This
was caused by revision 4f37ef69, so no
releases are affected.

Fix stress tests such that testlib code uses the jet_ allocator, but
test code uses libjemalloc.

Generate jemalloc_{rename,mangle}.h, the former because it's needed for
the stress test name mangling fix, and the latter for consistency.  As
an artifact of this change, some (but not all) definitions related to
the experimental API are absent from the headers unless the feature is
enabled at configure time.

Refactor prof_dump() to use a two pass algorithm, and prof_leave() prior
to the second pass.  This avoids write(2) system calls while holding
critical prof resources.

Fix prof_dump() to close the dump file descriptor for all relevant error
paths.

Minimize the size of prof-related static buffers when prof is disabled.
This saves roughly 65 KiB of application memory for non-prof builds.

Refactor prof_ctx_init() out of prof_lookup_global().

Refactor overly large functions by breaking out helper functions.

Refactor overly complex multi-purpose functions into separate more
specific functions.

Extract profiling code from malloc(), imemalign(), calloc(), realloc(),
mallocx(), rallocx(), and xallocx().  This slightly reduces the amount
of code compiled into the fast paths, but the primary benefit is the
combinatorial complexity reduction.

Simplify iralloc[t]() by creating a separate ixalloc() that handles the
no-move cases.

Further simplify [mrxn]allocx() (and by implication [mrn]allocm()) to
make request size overflows due to size class and/or alignment
constraints trigger undefined behavior (detected by debug-only
assertions).

Report ENOMEM rather than EINVAL if an OOM occurs during heap profiling
backtrace creation in imemalign().  This bug impacted posix_memalign()
and aligned_alloc().

Fix growing large reallocation to junk fill new space.

Fix huge deallocation to junk fill when munmap is disabled.

Add unit tests for pow2_ceil(), malloc_strtoumax(), and
malloc_snprintf().

Fix numerous bugs in malloc_strotumax() error handling/reporting.  These
bugs could have caused application-visible issues for some seldom used
(0X... and 0... prefixes) or malformed MALLOC_CONF or mallctl() argument
strings, but otherwise they had no impact.

Fix numerous bugs in malloc_snprintf().  These bugs were not exercised
by existing malloc_*printf() calls, so they had no impact.

Reduce rtree memory usage by storing booleans (1 byte each) rather than
pointers.  The rtree code is only used to record whether jemalloc manages
a chunk of memory, so there's no need to store pointers in the rtree.

Increase rtree node size to 64 KiB in order to reduce tree depth from 13
to 3 on 64-bit systems.  The conversion to more compact leaf nodes was
enough by itself to make the rtree depth 1 on 32-bit systems; due to the
fact that root nodes are smaller than the specified node size if
possible, the node size change has no impact on 32-bit systems (assuming
default chunk size).

Normalize mallctl() order (code and documentation).

*mallctl() always returns EINVAL and does partial result copying when
*oldlenp is to short to hold the requested value, rather than returning
ENOMEM.  Therefore remove ENOMEM from the documented set of possible
errors.

Verify that freed regions are quarantined, and that redzone corruption
is detected.

Introduce a testing idiom for intercepting/replacing internal functions.
In this case the replaced function is ordinarily a static function, but
the idiom should work similarly for library-private functions.

Add hash tests that are based on SMHasher's VerificationTest() function.

Delay reading the mapbits until it's unavoidable.

Don't junk fill reallocations for which the request size is less than
the current usable size, but not enough smaller to cause a size class
change.  Unlike malloc()/calloc()/realloc(), *allocx() contractually
treats the full usize as the allocation, so a caller can ask for zeroed
memory via mallocx() and a series of rallocx() calls that all specify
MALLOCX_ZERO, and be assured that all newly allocated bytes will be
zeroed and made available to the application without danger of allocator
mutation until the size class decreases enough to cause usize reduction.

Refactor such that arena_prof_ctx_set() receives usize as an argument,
and use it to determine whether to handle ptr as a small region, rather
than reading the chunk page map.